Varicose veins of the pelvis in women

Varicose veins of the pelvis in women (ectasia, parameters, dilatation or phlebostasis) are caused by this condition due to the reverse flow of blood through the ovarian artery, which occurs due to vascular compression.

Intensifying the development of the disease is pregnancy.

Internal varicose veins of the small pelvis are expressed by intense and long-lasting pain in the lower part of the abdomen.

In the literature, varicose veins of the pelvis are also referred to as "pelvic venous congestion syndrome", "varicocele in women", "chronic pelvic pain syndrome".

In the vast majority of cases (80%), varicose transformation affects the ovarian veins and is extremely rare (1%) observed in the veins of the broad ligament of the uterus.

According to modern medical approaches, VVMT treatment should be carried out not so much from the point of view of gynecology, but, above all, from the point of view of phlebology.

Causes of pathology

The ectasia of the pelvic veins is most often determined in women. Moreover, as a rule, this disease is diagnosed in gynecology in patients aged 20-40 years.

Often patients with varicose veins of the pelvis first try to carry out treatment at home. Folk methods, which are used without the advice and recommendations of a doctor, can lead to the appearance of negative side effects, so after a while you need to go for a consultation with a phlebologist.

The main factors that lead to the appearance of this pathology are:

1. Excessively increased physical activity.
2. Passive lifestyle.
3. Congenital diseases of the walls of blood vessels - weakening, plasticity, underdevelopment.
4. Inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.
5. Hormonal imbalance.

Pathology of the sexual plan - anorgasmia, pain and the appearance of discomfort during sexual intercourse, which have a psychological etiology of occurrence, while very often they practice interrupted sexual contact.

At the same time, varicose veins of the pelvis, the treatment and symptoms of this disease are similar to varicose veins in the legs. In this situation, the valves in the veins begin to interfere with the work of valves that help blood flow to the heart muscle.

Valve dysfunction occurs, which acts as a protection for reverse blood flow.

If their work is disturbed, then blood stagnation in the veins begins. Veins filled with blood increase in volume, which further intensifies the occurrence of stagnation.

Pelvic venous congestion usually occurs near the vulva, fallopian tubes, uterine region, and may even dilate the veins in the vagina.

The first signs and symptoms

Numerous basic clinical symptoms indicate the development of varicose veins. The most important of the signs of this disease is unreasonable pain in the lower abdomen, in the pelvic region, often begin to radiate to the perineum or lumbar region. The patient is also irritated by the abundant discharge of mucus from the vagina, especially in the middle of the menstrual cycle.

In addition to the main symptoms, there are other very important symptoms of varicose veins:

1. In certain cases, infertility is reported in women.
2. dysmenorrhea. Manifestation of pain during menstruation.
3. Noticeable passage of premenstrual symptoms.
4. Radiation of pain in the groin, lower back and sacrum.
5. Symptom of dyspareunia (manifestation of feelings of discomfort in the vagina or vulva, both during sexual intercourse and after its completion).
6. Manifestation of a painful crisis (as a result of severe hypothermia of the body, excessive physical fatigue, psycho-emotional stress).
7. Occurrence of abdominal pain after prolonged overload (dynamic or static).

Faced with this clinical symptomatology, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible, because this pathology can have a large number of unpleasant complications:

• varicose veins may be a contraindication to natural childbirth;
• the work of the reproductive organs is disturbed;
• there is a fear of sexual contact;
• irritability and anxiety occur.

It must also be said that all the above symptoms can be expressed in different ways, in some patients all the signs of the disease are observed, and in some only a few.

Methods for diagnosing diseases

In order to make a correct diagnosis, the patient must undergo a comprehensive examination. If a woman complains of pain that occurs for an unknown reason, then the specialist first of all determines all the reasons that are factors in the manifestation of pain symptoms. The patient's lower extremities are carefully examined. This way you can identify the manifestation of varicose veins. In some situations, the diagnosis is made by a vascular doctor.

The main diagnostic methods are as follows:

1. Ultrasound of the venous system. Examination can examine the curvature and varicose veins.
2. Laparoscopy. Identify varicose veins in the ovarian region.
3. CT. It enables the exclusion of diseases, the identification of varicose veins on the ovaries and uterus, the observation of enlargements on the monitor, as well as their curvature.
4. Selective ovaricography. The most accurate review. It is performed by injecting a contrast agent into the subclavian and femoral veins.
5. Doppler ultrasound. It determines the reduction of the systolic speed of the process in the veins of the ovaries and uterus.

The use of these methods allows a clearer definition of the symptoms of the disease.

Degrees and differential approach

In order to standardize the diagnosis and the possibility of access to differential treatment, A. E. Volkov divided varicose veins taking into account the place of formation of venous ectasia and the size of varicose veins.

Three stages of this disease are classified:

• first phase - "corkscrew" movement of the vessel, the size of the vein is not more than 6 mm;
• second phase - the size of the vein is not more than 7-11 mm during the total type of varicose veins, VR veins of the uterine arc plexus, VR parametric veins, loose ectasia of the ovarian plexus;
• third phase - vein size is greater than 11 mm during the main form of parametric formation or total type VR.

Depending on the severity of the pathological process, you can use methods of treatment or surgery.

Methods for treating varicose veins

In stage 1-2 varicose veins, conservative methods of therapy (therapeutic gymnastics, NPS drugs, venotonics) are most often used.

Conservative therapy for venous congestion syndrome is symptomatic, which includes normalization of rest and physical activity, which excludes excessive active loads and prolonged standing.

When a patient is diagnosed with varicose veins, the treatment procedures are primarily aimed at achieving the following tasks:

1. Alleviation of symptoms of bleeding, pain, etc.
2. Restoration of venous tone, increased blood circulation in the tissues.
3. Cessation of reverse blood flow through the ovarian venous system.

It is necessary to understand that even high-quality therapy for this pathology will not completely cure varicose veins.

However, adequate treatment will enable the prevention of the main clinical symptoms and a significant improvement in the patient's condition.

EMCT treatment includes several main components:

1. Regular medical gymnastics exercises to prevent disease.
2. Course of drug use during exacerbation.

Conservative therapy of affected veins

Due to the internal position of veins infected with pathology, drugs are used orally, it is simply impossible to apply venous ointments and gels.

The following drugs are used during this disease:

1. Wild chestnut extract - to relieve inflammation and swelling.
2. Diosmin-based - to remove high vascular elasticity, prevent damage, reduce permeability.
3. Vitamin C - strengthens the walls of blood vessels.

Doctors advise combining conservative treatment with exercise therapy as well as the use of compression underwear. Compression garments are especially needed during pregnancy.

Surgical intervention

Surgery is an extreme method of treatment, which is used if the disease is in a very advanced stage and there is a presumption of VR veins.

Surgery is selected taking into account the location of the main venous disorder and includes the following interventions:

• crossectomy - also used for leg vein diseases;
• ligation of veins in the genitals (usually performed simultaneously with perineal miniphlebectomy);
• ovarian vein ligation.

If surgery is necessary, the choice of appropriate manipulations is quite individual, because everything will depend on the location of varicose veins.

Exercises and corrective gymnastics

If we take into account the necessary physical exercises, then women during this disease must do at least one of the exercises every day - "birch", "bicycle", "scissors".

A contrast shower in the pelvic area and breathing exercises are also very useful. At the same time, properly and efficiently performed gymnastics is the fastest way to return to a healthy and normal life.

The simplest but most effective exercises are the following:

1. While lying on your back, lift your legs, then bend and lift as high as possible. The exercise is done about 10 times.
2. Lying down, stretch your legs, and then, bending, pull to the chest area. Run at least 10 times.
3. You will have to walk around the room for half an hour. First - on the toes, then - on the heels, after - raising the knees as much as possible.
4. Lying on your stomach, alternately raise your legs. In the maximum position, the leg must be fixed for a few seconds. At least 7 approaches for each leg.

Folk recipes and medicines

Varicose veins can be treated at home.

The most famous and most common folk methods of treatment:

1. Wild chestnut infusion.
2. Kombucha tincture.
3. Dandelion root tincture.
4. Treatment with leeches applied to the occipital and sacral regions.

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of varicose veins. The daily diet must be balanced and have enough fiber and natural protein.

Preventive actions

It is also necessary to use a few simple tips that serve as prevention of VVMT. Moreover, if constantly observed, they can also improve the overall condition of the body:

1. Exercise every day.
2. Use special leggings for treatment.
3. Add more vegetables to your daily diet. Avoid foods that cause constipation.
4. During sedentary work, you take breaks, it is necessary to walk for at least 10 minutes every two hours.
5. Do not abuse alcohol or smoke.
6. Do not take hormonal medications uncontrolled.
7. After surgery for VVMT, it is necessary to take prophylactic doses of medication prescribed by your doctor.

Possible forecast

If the varicose condition is not treated at all, then after some time the veins begin to grow even more (by 90%), which threatens serious side effects, including thrombosis. In the remaining 10% of patients with varicose veins, in whom it appeared after pregnancy, the disease does not go into a more severe stage, but it never goes away on its own.

If you start treating the pathology, you can achieve complete recovery (15-25%, taking into account weight) or significant improvement (55-60%), especially in the case of a simultaneous combination of operative and conservative methods. . But, in one way or another, after complex therapy, lifelong prophylaxis must be carried out, which consists of adhering to a proper lifestyle, regular drug treatment or compression support of veins.